The Key Characteristics Of Lasswell s Policy Orientation

A Literature Review on the Key Characteristics of Lasswell’s Policy Orientation Lasswell’s formation of public policy is founded upon fundamental characteristics that establish the view that policymaking rests on scientific analysis and a practical application, concluding on the necessity of a policy science to understand the full complexities of policy formation. An analysis and discussion of these characteristics can be found in the following academic articles: ‘Revisiting Lasswell’ by James Farr, Jacob S. Hacker and Nicole Kazee, ‘From the old to the new policy design: design thinking beyond markets and collaborative governance’ by Michael Howlett, ‘Policy Dismantling’ by Andrew Jordan, Michael W. Bauer and Christoffer Green-Pedersen, and lastly Nick Turnbull’s ‘Harold lasswell’s â€Å"problem orientation† for the policy sciences’. As per a literature review I will begin by first outlining the defining characteristics of Lasswell’s policy orientation, then providing a s ummary of the four identified articles, after which a comparison and contrast will occur respective to each characteristic outlined. One of the aforementioned characteristics of Lasswell’s policy process is the emphasis on the importance of knowledge, as contextual and a non-neutral activity, encouraging continual and collective participation within the policymaking process. Another significant characteristic is the role of policy scientists, particularly as a social activity, and the problem of

Ethical Theories Covered Utilitarianism, Kant s...

Religion and Philosophy Assessment Item 9:C Applied Ethics Social issue: Health services in Australia Ethical theories covered: utilitarianism, Kant’s categorical imperative 1. Hello, Im Alice The social issue I will be discussing is Abortion. Ethics is important in our day-to-day lives. An ethical dilemma is presented when you have to make a decision based on conscience. Something may not be against the rules, or unlawful, but you may wonder to yourself if its right or wrong in someway. That’s when ethics kick in .it runs counter to your intuition.it comes down to fairness, basic human values, treating each other fairly, respecting each others values, and learning form each other. You have to do the right thing, even if theirs no rule†¦show more content†¦If more negative than positive consequences occur, than it is an immoral decision. In the case of abortion and potential life, utilitarianism would look at who’s affected., the mother or the parents, the child or the future adult and society. Early unborn humans don’t feel pain, they can’t act rationally and there not self aware, therefore they are not intrinsically valuable. In a perfect utilitarian universe the women would be emotionally able, financially stable, all of the complications and all of the life changes that are involved in rearing a child would be taken in account. We would not have too much of an issue in any case where a women was pregnant. Unfortunately this does not happen a lot of the time. Should people stop have non-procreative sex? A utilitarian would say absolutely not, they should be able to do it and it’s a good thing. A part from the few cases in which we have an issue of un intential pregnancy, the vast majority of the time it’s a positive in terms of the pleasure and happiness in the world. Women unfit, unready or otherwise uninterested in rearing a child should be allowed to have abortion because potential life is a fickle idea to begin with. A lot of them don’t make it to fruition and it’s not entirely clear whether they’re intrinsically valuable. We value infants because after the 24-week period they are viable and they’re essentially a human. Their social influence is very strong because it comes form education, political

Compare and Contrast Hinduism and Buddhism free essay sample

Hinduism and Buddhism Some people may think that Hinduism and Buddhism are the same religions with just two different names. They aren’t, Buddhism and Hinduism both have different types of rituals, holidays, founders, and so-on. The two extensive religions of Hinduism and Buddhism have lots of information behind themselves. They are made up of cultures, rituals, practices, and many other things. â€Å"Hinduism is a collection of religious beliefs that developed slowly over a long period of time. (World History Patterns of Interaction, 2005) Hinduism has been made up of so many different cultures and beliefs that unlike Christianity and Islam it is unable to be traced back. Hindus believe in karma and reincarnation. Karma is good and bad things that a person does and they follow them through each reincarnation. Reincarnation is the rebirth of a soul or spirit which follows after death into a new body and begins another life. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast Hinduism and Buddhism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The three major Hindu gods were Vishnu the protector, Brahma the creator, and Shiva the destroyer. The founder of Buddhism was Siddhartha Gautama. Buddhism was founded around about 563 B. C. There are no worshiped gods in Buddhism. In Buddhism karma and reincarnation were strongly believed in just like in Hinduism. In 273 B. C. Ashoka took the throne he had adopted many of the ideas of Buddhism, which helped a lot in the spread of Buddhism. The goal for some Buddha was enlightenment and to achieve this they had to follow the Eightfold Path one step at a time. The final goal in Buddhism is nirvana which is a state of being perfect and ending the process of reincarnation. Today there is an estimated 600 million Buddhists. There are many differences between the religions of Hinduism and Buddhism just like there are many similarities, but here are a few. Siddhartha Gautama founded Buddhism, but there was no founder for Hinduism, it was just put together by combining many different religions and cultures. In Hinduism there were three major Gods that were worshiped by the Hindus, but there was not one God in Buddhism that was ever worshiped or looked up to. Also, Buddhism was a more peaceful and calm religion. Unlike in Buddhism, in Hinduism there was a caste system. It was a group from a social system. Hindus had gone by using a caste system, but it was rejected in the Buddhism community which resulted in many Buddhist being laborers and craftspeople. Hindus and Buddha both had different beliefs. For example, â€Å"Hindus saw religion as a way of liberating the soul from illusions, disappointments, and mistakes of everyday existence. † (World History Patterns of Interaction, 2005) There were also a few similarities between Hinduism and Buddhism. For example, they both believed in reincarnation after death and karma, which means to keep people bound to the world through the cycle of life and death. Also they each had final goals. For example, in Buddhism the final goal was called nirvana and in Hinduism the final goal was called moksha. Each would happen after reincarnation was finished and the spirit and soul had a perfect understanding. Both Buddhism and Hinduism were helped spread by people. For example, Ashoka spread Hinduism by adopting it in a way after war, and missionaries helped spread Buddhism. Also, both religions promote non-violent beliefs toward all living things. To conclude this essay I would say that Hinduism is more or less a group rather than a religion because it was made up of other religions and Buddhism is like a subcategory that would branch off of Hinduism. Hinduism and Buddhism both support the belief of reincarnation and karma. But they don’t both believe in Gods. Also they both support non-violent actions to living things. Buddhism was originally created from Hinduism because the founder, Siddhartha Gautama was originally Hindu but then after creating Buddhism he became the Buddha. Bibliography Hay, Jeff. Buddhism. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press. 2006. Rinehart, Robin. Contemporary Hinduism. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO Inc. 2004.

Two Peas in a Pod Essays - Aunt Em, , Term Papers

Eisenbeis 1 Courtney Eisenbeis Bryan McBride English Composition One 16 April 2015 Two Peas in a Pod It is commonly found that most children relate to and resemble someone close to them in their life. Among every family there are many resemblances in facial features and personality traits, but there are also many other differences that make each individual their own person. Though most people say they are similar to their mom or dad, I am in close resemblance with my aunt. Although we are alike in most ways, there are just as many differences which is what makes us individual. A few of the many qualities that make me and my aunt comparable and similar consist of our looks and body features. She has long blonde hair that tends to change color with the seasons, just as mine does. We are similar in eye color and the curve of our smile. Freckles are common along the family line, but we are two of few that dont show freckles until the sun brings them out. Another body feature we have in common is the pigment of our skin. Not all of our family looks the same or similar but it just so happened that I was born looking just like my aunt. Along with our facial and body features we are similar in the way we talk. When we are excited or have a lot to say we talk fast and as we keep talking we end up not being able to be understood. People we talk to always have to tell us to slow down or breathe because our words start to jumble together. As a little kid I would always watch my aunt and follow everything she does. Because of that I now walk the same way she does. We both have a slight slouch in our shoulders and walk on the insides of our shoes. Since I have always watched and followed in her footsteps, it has Eisenbeis 2 become habit for me to be just like her. I never want to leave her side and because of that she has taught me not only lessons in life but also what to do in many situations. She is a perfect example of a role model for me because of the similarities we share. Since I have gotten older and I have become more and more like her, standing side by side or far apart, we are almost mistaken as sisters. There are so many similar qualities about me and my aunt which makes us more comparable than we are contrastable, but there are still things we each do that make us slightly different. Growing up I have always been involved in sports, but when my aunt was younger, and still to this day she does not have a sporty bone in her body. Being involved or not involved in physical sports is not the only thing that makes us slightly different. We have also not always enjoyed doing the same things. Being a little girl, I never wanted to be girly and have tea parties like my aunt tried to do with me. I always made her play outside with me and go to the park to swing, because that was my favorite thing to do. Along with our differences in interests we also dress different. I have a more laid back kind of style and she has the more upbeat and instyle fashion, which sets us apart in a great difference of not only how we dress, but it shows more of the kind of people we are and what we are interested in. Even though we have differences, that still does not set us apart from being similar in so many ways. As I have grown up we have both changed a lot as individuals. Always watching my aunt and wanting to be just like her has made me choose to go in a certain career path she enjoys and to spend more time with her doing what we both love, going to sporting games and spending quality time at dinner or shopping together. Over the years having someone like my aunt who is so similar to me in my life has helped me not only figure out what I like doing that is different, but it has also helped me in deciding what I love to do best. She has been a great best Eisenbeis 3 friend for me because of who she is in